Pierre Elliott Trudeau Reason Over Passion History Essay

Pierre Elliott Trudeau Reason Over Passion History Essay Pierre Elliot Trudeau was the most influential leader in Canadian politics. He was a charismatic, charming, honest and an intellectually brilliant individual. Trudeau inherently believed in a fair society where minority rights are protected and all citizens are treated equally. He used his unique skills to build a better Canada, where its citizens enjoyed a superior quality of life and standard of living. Elected in 1968, Trudeau was responsible for implementing landmark legislation, which significantly impacted Canadian lives in a positive way. In 1969, Trudeau enacted the official languages Act, which enabled both English and French speaking Canadians equal rights. In 1970, Trudeau implemented the War Measures Act for the safety of the Canadian people against terrorists acts. Furthermore, in 1982 Trudeau revamped the Canadian Charter of Right and Freedoms, which changed the shape of Canadian democracy  [1]  and gave Canadians a new outlook towards life. Trudeau allowed Canada t o evolve into what he perceived as a just society, which created personal and political freedom in addition to unity within the nation. 1969, a year in which Francophones (a term used to describe primary French speaking individuals) would be able to use their talents to the full,  [2]  as Trudeau enacted the Official Languages Act, otherwise known as Bill C-120. This act entrenched the rights of Francophones to their language wherever they lived and gave public servants the choice of their language of work  [3]  . Trudeau stated, Either one nation with two languages or ultimately two separate nations  [4]  . Trudeau, advocating Canadian unity aimed at opposing the concept of a French Canada  [5]  . The Trudeau government wanted to recognize French and English languages as equal. Trudeau, a francophone himself stated that he wanted increased identification of Francophones within Canada  [6]  ; Bill C-120 gave greater responsibility to French Canadians in the federal government, as section five declared that the decisions of the federal courts were to be issued in both English and French  [7]  . Section eight, which stated that, both English and French versions of a law enacted by the Parliament of Canada are equally authentic  [8]  , and section nine which assured that each agency of a Crown Corporation in Ottawa or in a bilingual district must ensure that services were available in both official languages  [9]  . Trudeau covered every aspect of ensuring equality and unity of both English and French speaking Canadians. Trudeau hoped to re-channel Quebec nationalism  [10]  and eliminate separatism in Quebec. Bill C-120 appeared promising as it has progressively more support throughout Canada. The Bill has been revised twice to strengthen some of its provisions  [11]  and in 1982 parts of Bill C-120 was constitutionalized by its placing in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Languages Act was appreciated by many Canadians however small minorities insisted on committing to the independence of Quebec. The Front de Liberation or the FLQ wanted to ensure greater participation of the French speaking public. In October 1970 the FLQ became known as Canadas Terrorist group  [12]  , as they kidnapped two public officials James Cross and Pierre Laporte. Roman Pearson of the Centre of Canadian Studies stated that terrorism was something that Canadians read about in the newspapers; it was not supposed to occur in Canada, but the FLQ changed all of that  [13]  . It was also reported that in August 1970 FLQ terrorist were training with Palestinian terrorists, and had vowed a series of political assassinations  [14]  . The FLQ were determined, in hopes that Quebec would somehow become independent; conversely Trudeau had a different mindset. He believed that no terrorist group should be able to roam free in the streets of Canada  [15]  . As he was be ing questioned by a local news reporter he stated that, as people are being abducted let them be protected, its only natural  [16]  In response to the FLQ on October 16th 1970, under the leadership of Trudeau, the Federal Government proclaimed the War Measures Act. This act allowed the government to assume emergency powers in the event of war, invasion or insurrection, real or apprehended  [17]  . Trudeaus reasoning suggested that his country was being attacked by a group of individuals who made wrong judgments. The media criticized Trudeau with phrases such as, Canada, a police state  [18]  . The media also took into consideration that some of the Canadian population were shocked in the decisions made. Trudeau replied, well theres a lot of bleeding hearts around who just dont like to see people with helmets and guns, all I can say is go on and bleed, but its more important to keep law and order in a society then to worry about weakly people who dont like the looks of so ldiers  [19]  a reporter commented stating at any cost?  [20]  Trudeau famously replied just watch me!  [21]  His determination and reasoning of FLQ extermination led to nearly over five hundred arrests, and a compromise, from a list of demands that was given to the federal government. The negotiation included the ending of police searches  [22]  , the liberation of twenty three FLQ political prisoners  [23]  and safe conducts out of the country  [24]  . Although Trudeaus actions were extremely controversial 87 % of Canadians were in support during what became known as the October Crisis  [25]  Trudeau received praise for his logical thinking and saved Canada from alleged terrorism. As the FLQ became a lessening issue, human rights became the focal point of the Trudeau administration. In 1982 Trudeau revamped the Canadian constitution combining the British North America Act of 1867 with several amendments in a process which was known as repatriating the constitution  [26]  . The constitution act of 1982 covered fundamental rights and freedoms of all Canadians. It covered such areas as democratic rights, mobility rights, legal rights and equality rights. Trudeau included amendments from the Official Languages Act and he gave minorities political freedom  [27]  within society. Trudeau believed that, a constitution can permit the co-existence of several cultures and ethnic groups within a signal state  [28]  , ultimately meaning unity within the population of Canada. Trudeau used the Constitution as a way of bringing Canadian together. We as the population of Canada are benefiting greatly from Trudeau as we live in strong and prospering country. The Con stitution Act gave Canadians and enlightening envision of the future with a feeling of prosperity towards oneself. For the minorities who were discriminated against such as women, aboriginal Canadians, African Americans and the disabled, the Constitution Act gave this part of the population a chance to live a life where they could be seen as equals. This was something Trudeau strongly believed in as he stated, Canada will be a strong country when Canadians of all provinces feel at home in all parts of the country, and when they feel that all of Canada belongs to them  [29]  . For the current population of Canada, we can safely say that this has been proven true. To the world Canada has been looked at as the safe country  [30]  it has been seen as the country that stays out of harms way  [31]  and protects rather than causes infliction upon  [32]  . Canada is a country of united multiculturalism, which as Canadians, we are proud of. Without Pierre Elliott Trudeau Canada would not hold this reputation. Trudeau once said, We peer so suspiciously at each other that we cannot see that we Canadians are standing on the mountaintop of human wealth, freedom and privilege  [33]  . Trudeau had great hopes for Canada. He believed in nation wide unity, and as a result he fought with solidity for the rights of minority groups, by implementing, manipulating and revamping procedures so that we can all live in a nation where we feel at home. Trudeaus way of thinking was based upon reason over passion  [34]  , he used Aristotles theory of rationalism to solve his countries dilemmas and therefore, Trudeau created an effective democratic nat ion. Endnotes

Nutsedge: Weedy Pest or Crop of the Future? :: Botany

Nutsedge: Weedy Pest or Crop of the Future? Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) is an invasive weed in the United States. It is often regarded as a useless pest to home gardeners as well as commercial growers. Along with being a useless weed it is difficult to control. Several commercial herbicides have been labeled for use exclusively on yellow nutsedge and are available at local retailers. This, of course, indicates much research has gone into the development of chemicals to eradicate it. In a country that spends much of it's time and money on programs focusing on the advancement of crop production has the yellow nutsedge been labeled unfairly? Could the U.S. find use for Cyperus esculentus L.? A look into it's past and present might reveal a profitable future. Cyperus esculentus is in the order Commelinales and the family Cyperaceae. Cyperus esculentus can be distinguished from other species of New World nutsedge by its persistent linear brown spiklets that have closely appressed overlapping scales. This perennial plant is self-incompatible. The stem of yellow nutsedge is triangularand has a light green-yellow color. Rhizomes that terminate in tubers are the main means of reproduction, although it does produce viable seed. It is interesting to note that the name Linnaeus chose for this sedge, esculentus, means edible in latin (6). The two varieties of interest to us are Cyperus esculentus var. esculentus (weedy) and Cyperus esculentus var. sativus (cultivated). Most literature uses the name Cyperus esculentus for both the weedy and the useful sedge. The weedy variety esculentus produces many seeds although the cultivated variety sativus produces few. Yellow nutsedge (weedy) has been reported to produce 605 million seeds per hectare in Massachusetts (4). Both reproduce vegetatively in great numbers. Research indicates that a single nutsedge tuber can produce about 1900 plants and 7000 tubers in one yearly (8). The weedy nutsedge was introduced to the Dutch Netherlands in the late 1970's concealed in Gladiolus and it was so invasive that in 1984 a restriction was implemented by the government. This regulation prohibits the harvest of any root crop in a field that is infested with the yellow nutsedge (3). Cyperus esculentus var. esculentus and Cyperus esculentus var. sativus are closely related according to Moshe Negbi (6). The color of the tubers appears to be one unusual character. Variety sativus has a grey-orange color and variety esculentus has a grayed brown color according to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (3).

New Religions Essay

Present essay studies how new religions are born in the context of social, cultural and intellectual relations between people. The analysis addresses the origins of three Abrahamic religions: Christianity, Judaism and Islam to trace their origins, historical and social needs that drove their development and intrinsic ties with their predecessors. The thesis is defended that the birth of religions should not be regarded as merely divine providence, intellectual development, but should be understood through the prism of socio-political developments in a given society. The origins of Christianity Christianity was not born as fully autonomous religion, but in contrast was under a great influence of Judaism (Brown, 963). This influence relates to the same canonical religious texts, including Old Testament, monotheism etc. Hence, Christianity was born simultaneously as a follower and opponent to Judaism. There is no denying the importance of the fact that social roots of Christianity should be traced in Jewish revolutionary movement against Judaist aristocracy, living in wealth and oppressing lower classes and Roman dominance, which was particularly aggressive. In its intellectual roots Early Christianity focused on critique of material goods, which is reflected in its celebration of soul, love and salvation. Such ideology was particularly successful amongst ordinary people, who saw Christianity as the source of their liberation (Bruce, 235). However, notwithstanding these social roots, Christian religion was for a long time persecuted in Judea and Roman empire in general. It did not function as state religion until AD 325 when the First Council of Nicaea took place and Constantine the Great made his historical decision. Until that time Christianity functioned within different sects, which focused on often contradictory interpretations of Bible, Greek philosophy, Gnosticism, Judaism etc (Grant, 45). Therefore, establishing Christianity as a full-fledged religion required its ascendance in the role of state religion and codification of its canonical legacy. The task was realized by St. Paul, who transformed the earlier premises of Christianity and made them affordable to interpretation by state power. Various Christian Councils later codified Christian texts and interpreted them to create unified traditions. Other interpretations of Christianity were persecuted by official Christianity, which marked the final stage in its transformation into full-fledged religion. Judaism The historical roots of Judaism should be traced back in the social need of Judea state to legitimize and develop its national autonomy in the ancient world (Shaye and Cohen, 36-39). The proof of the latter thought may be found in Tanakh (Old Testament), a canonical text of Judean tradition. Old Testament presents a Jewish nation (Childern of Israel) in their direct relationship with God, who proclaimed them the chosen nation. The latter shows that Judaism was central for Judea in positioning itself as the most progressive state in the Middle Eastern region. The historical origins of Judaism should also be traced in the need of regulating social relations in Judean society. This is the most evident in commandments or Law of Moses, which includes 613 laws, regulating various spheres of life in society. Hence, there is no denying the importance of the fact that Judaism was a very important ethical, legislative and moral tool in ancient Jewish society. Its main principles were later included in Talmud, which became the prototype of religious legislative system in general. Notwithstanding the fact that Judaism was the first monotheistic religion it was influenced by some ancient religions such as Zoroastrianism, from which Judaism borrowed certain cult practices, monotheistic ideas and philosophical mindset (Shaye and Cohen, 295). The ties of Judaism are also evident with Christianity and Islam, which form the group of common Abrahamic religions. Islam Islam has its historical roots both in Judaism and Christianity. As it is widely known, Islam uses Christian tradition of preaching Jesus; however, unlike Christianity in Muslim tradition, Jesus is regarded as a mortal person (Esposito, 23). Muhammad, the final prophet of God is regarded as a great reformer, who restored the original monotheistic tradition of Moses, Jesus and Abraham, which arguably was distorted in Christianity and Judaism. Therefore, it may be said that Islam is based on permanent reference to Judaism and Christianity, as the sources of its own development. The birth of Islam was also fostered by the ethical, intellectual and moral needs of Arab societies. Quran may be compared to Torah in this respect, because it served as the main tool for regulating social relations in Muslim societies. Its main commandments were included in Shariat law, which reflects Muslim tradition of correspondence between law and religious norms. Moreover, it should be noted that Islam was born and developed in the period of the rapid ascendance of Arab civilization as the center of power and development in Asia (Esposito, 68). Arab conquests and interrelations with the West were premised on the construction of the national and religious identity, which was found in Islam. Islam served as the tool for contrasting Muslim world with Western and allowed unifying various Muslim nations in the single task of promoting the cause of Mohammad. To sum it up, we have discussed major historical, social, cultural and ethical causes, which influenced the birth of three Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The analysis shows that their birth and development should be understood as the complex process, affected not only by intellectual development, but deeper social and political processes, including revolutionary movement, the inception of new nationalist states, the relations between different civilizations etc. Bibliography Brown R. E. 1994. The Death of the Messiah: From Gethsemane to the Grave. New York: Doubleday, Anchor Bible Reference Library. Bruce F. F. , 1988. The Canon of Scripture. Intervarsity Press. Esposito, John. 2003. The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press Grant, M. 1977. Jesus: An Historian’s Review of the Gospels. New York: Scribner’s. Shaye, J. D. and Cohen. 1999. The Beginnings of Jewishness: Boundaries, Varieties, Uncertainties, Berkeley: University of California Press.

The Dead By Rupert Brooke - 1188 Words

Rupert Brooke was the author of a set of five war poems titled â€Å"The Dead.† Brooke reflects his idealistic views on death during war in those poems. Since Brooke never experienced what war was actually like, the death described is glorified and the poems become elegy’s. His fourth sonnet, â€Å"The Dead (VI),† is a sonnet consisting of an octet and sestet. Unlike a typical sonnet, Brooke does not use a â€Å"problem and solution† structure in his poem. Instead, Brooke describes the lives of the pure hearts in the war in the octet and describes their death in the sestet. A volta is seen at the end of the octet as the poem is translated into the sestet. The rhyme scheme of the poem begins with that of a typical English sonnet, but after the volta,†¦show more content†¦Their death was not in vain and they died with honor. The octet and sestet used in Brooke’s poems do not withhold the typical characteristics of a sonnet, â€Å"Traditional ly, one main thought or problem is set out in the octave and brought to a resolution in the sestet† (Eberhart). This is because the poem serves a different purpose. Rather than providing a solution to a problem, the speaker provides a view into the lives of the soldiers and how they had â€Å"joy† and proceeds to the sestet to provide an image of the soldier dying in â€Å"unbroken glory†. The sonnet is structured this way because it aids the reader in understanding that the death of the soldiers is glorious. Between the Octet and the sestet, there is a volta or shift. The volta aids the poem to transition from the description of the lives of the soldiers to the image of the glorious death of the soldiers. In doing so, the diction of nature changes from the octet and sestet. The poem transitions seasons from spring to winter. The volta lies on the last line of the octet, â€Å"All this is ended.† (l. 8). Previously, the speaker in the octet described the l ives of soldiers and stated that they were filled with different emotions. In the last line of the octet, the speaker simply ended the description. The volta leads the reader to an abrupt shift from the life of the soldiers before war to their idealistic death in the sestet. In the octet, the diction used to describe the lives of the soldiers consists ofShow MoreRelatedEssay Comparing Counter Attack and the Soldier861 Words   |  4 Pagesabout what war was like; it was either heroic or mere butchery. These ideas are represented in the 2 poems â€Å"The Soldier† by Rupert Brookes and â€Å"Counter Attack† by Siegfried Sassoon. Rupert Brooke (1887-1915) was an accomplished poet in WW1. Unlike Sassoon, Brooke never fought at the front line, but joined the Mediterranean Navy where he died of a mosquito bite. Rupert Brooke expressed his feelings about war (war being a heroic act) through poems such as â€Å"The Soldier† where he talks about the solemnityRead More To compare the ways in which these poems display the horrors of war.1616 Words   |  7 Pagesthe ways in which these poems display the horrors of war. I have selected three poems, The Soldier, by Rupert Brooke, Dulce et Decorum Est, and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen. Compare how these poems show the horrors of World War 1. To compare the ways in which these poems display the horrors of war. I have selected three poems, The Soldier, by Rupert Brooke, Dulce et Decorum Est, and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen. I chose Anthem forRead MoreThe Soldier By Wilfred Owen1376 Words   |  6 Pagesheroic and honorable act. This romanticism, of course, can only be put forth by one who has never experienced the inhumane devastation that each battle- each moment- causes for the minds and in bodies of every soldier. â€Å"The Soldier† was written by Rupert Brooke in 1914, just before World War One was about to begin, while â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est.† was written by Wilfred Owen in 1917, during which Word War One was being fought harshly. Due to â€Å"The Soldier† being written before the War began, this poem depictsRead MoreSimilarities Between Rupert Brooke, Siegfried Sassoon, And Wilfred Owen1531 Words   |  7 PagesSenior High School World War I Poetry How it changed during the war Abby Schaubroeck Honors World Cultures Period 3 Ms. Beck 19 May 2017 Over the course of the war the perspective of literature, in specifically poetry, changed. Rupert Brooke, Siegfried Sassoon, and Wilfred Owen all share one common bond: these men were war poets. According to the Oxford Dictionary, the term â€Å"war poet† means â€Å"a poet writing at the time of and on the subject of war, especially one on military serviceRead MoreDifferent Roles of Irony in Fussell Essay988 Words   |  4 Pagescalling for them from sad shires (165). Interestingly Owen uses irony when writing letters home to his mother. In Wilfred Owen: Collected Letters he writes on 16 January 1917: Three quarters dead, then realizing the implications and irony he corrected himself by writing #8230;I mean each of us  ¾ dead#8230;(393). Other examples of the accidental use of irony exist throughout WWI literature Im sure. Read MoreBritish Nationalism And Self Sacrifice By Rupert Brooke And Wilfred Owen s The Soldier 1265 Words   |  6 Pagesdeath and destruction. For example, British poets Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen drew from their experiences as soldiers during the war while frequently addressing the themes of British Nationalism and patriotic self-sacrifice throughout their poetry. However, Brooke and Owen’s wartime experiences were largely dissimilar. As a result, their works contained vastly differing perspectives regarding the themes of British Nationalism and self-sacrifice. Rupert Brooke’s sonnet â€Å"The Soldier,† written at theRead MoreWar and Death in Soldier Written by Rupert Brooke Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pageshonorable? I view war as a necessary evil. Sometimes it has to happen for good to triumph over bad. War poets like Wilfred Owen, writer of Anthem for doomed youth focus on death in war and the dehumanization of solders. In contrast Soldier written by Rupert Brooke thinks that to die in war, to be the noblest death. And Siegfried Sassoon’s Suicide in the trenches focuses on the youthful soldiers deaths being the responsibility of war promoters. Anthem for Doomed Youth Owens Anthem for Doomed Youth is writtenRead MoreThe Soldier By Rupert Brooke And Wilfred Owen1253 Words   |  6 Pagesand destruction. British poets Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen, for example, drew from their experiences as soldiers during the war and frequently address the themes of British Nationalism and patriotic self-sacrifice throughout their poetry. However, Brooke and Owen’s wartime experiences during the First World War were largely dissimilar. Consequently, their works contain vastly differing perspectives regarding the themes of Nationalism and self-sacrifice. Rupert Brooke’s sonnet â€Å"The Soldier,† writtenRead MoreEssay about War Poets: Brooke, Sassoon, and Rosenberg1722 Words   |  7 PagesWar Poets: Brooke, Sassoon, and Rosenberg War has the unique ability to bring many disparaging types of poets into the forefront. World War I, called the Great War at the time, was an unimaginably brutal war, and poets emerged from the shadows to share their views on war. Rupert Brooke was Britain’s first war poet, a patriotic favorite of the nation. His poetry set the precedent for those who came after him. Siegfried Sassoon, Brooke’s radical opposite, offered a brutally realistic portrayalRead More The Views of Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen on War Essay2351 Words   |  10 PagesThe Views of Rupert Brooke and Wil My selected poems are The Soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce et Decorum est by Wilfred Owen. Both war poems but conveying their different feelings and presenting their views of war in radically different ways. The poets have polarized views of war with Rupert Brooke writing his poem in a romanticized and patriotic way referring to the possibility of death as a noble cause, for England the land that gave him life. This is at odds to how Wilfred Owen